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-->In this two-part guide, you will build your first Xamarin.Android application with Visual Studio and develop an understanding of the fundamentals of Android application development with Xamarin.
You will create an application that translates analphanumeric phone number (entered by the user) into a numeric phonenumber and display the numeric phone number to the user. The final application looks likethis:
Windows requirements
To follow along with this walkthrough, you will need the following:
- Windows 10.
- Visual Studio 2019 or Visual Studio 2017 (version 15.8 or later): Community, Professional, or Enterprise.
macOS requirements
To follow along with this walkthrough, you will need the following:
- The latest version of Visual Studio for Mac.
- A Mac running macOS High Sierra (10.13) or later.
This walkthrough assumes that the latest version of Xamarin.Android isinstalled and running on your platform of choice. For a guide toinstalling Xamarin.Android, refer to theXamarin.Android Installation guides.
Configuring emulators
If you are using the Android emulator, we recommend that you configurethe emulator to use hardware acceleration. Instructions for configuringhardware acceleration are available inHardware Acceleration for Emulator Performance.
Create the project
Start Visual Studio. Click File > New > Project to create a new project.
In the New Project dialog, click the Android App template.Name the new project
Phoneword
and click OK:In the New Android App dialog, click Blank App and click OKto create the new project:
Create a layout
Tip
Newer releases of Visual Studio support opening .xml files inside the Android Designer.
Both .axml and .xml files are supported in the Android Designer.
After the new project is created, expand the Resourcesfolder and then the layout folder in the Solution Explorer.Double-click activity_main.axml to open it in the Android Designer. Thisis the layout file for the app's screen:
Tip
Newer releases of Visual Studio contain a slightly different app template.
- Instead of activity_main.axml, the layout is in content_main.axml.
- The default layout will be a
RelativeLayout
. For the rest of the steps on this page to workyou should change the<RelativeLayout>
tag to<LinearLayout>
and add another attributeandroid:orientation='vertical'
to theLinearLayout
opening tag.
From the Toolbox (the area on the left), enter
text
into the searchfield and drag a Text (Large) widget onto the design surface(the area in the center):With the Text (Large) control selected on the design surface,use the Properties pane to change the
Text
property ofthe Text (Large) widget to Enter a Phoneword:
:Drag a Plain Text widget from the Toolbox to the design surfaceand place it underneath the Text (Large) widget. Placement of thewidget will not occur until you move the mouse pointer to a place inthe layout that can accept the widget. In the screenshots below, thewidget cannot be placed (as seen on the left) until the mouse pointeris moved just below the previous
TextView
(as shown on the right):When the Plain Text (an
EditText
widget) is placed correctly, itwill appear as illustrated in the following screenshot:With the Plain Text widget selected on the design surface,use the Properties pane to change the
Id
property of thePlain Text widget to @+id/PhoneNumberText
and change theText
property to 1-855-XAMARIN
:Drag a Button from the Toolbox to the designsurface and place it underneath the Plain Text widget:
With the Button selected on the design surface, use theProperties pane to change its
Text
property to Translate
andits Id
property to @+id/TranslateButton
:Drag a TextView from the Toolbox to the design surface andplace it under the Button widget. Change the
Text
property of theTextView to an empty string and set its Id
property to@+id/TranslatedPhoneword
:Save your work by pressing CTRL+S.
Write some code
The next step is to add some code to translate phone numbers fromalphanumeric to numeric. Add a new file to the project byright-clicking the Phoneword project in the SolutionExplorer pane and choosing Add > New Item... as shown below:
In the Add New Item dialog, select Visual C# > Code > Code Fileand name the new code file PhoneTranslator.cs:
![Mac Mac](https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/HTB1EUW0HVXXXXbOXpXXq6xXFXXXy/FT232-USB-UART-Board-mini-FT232RL-USB-to-UART-Serial-Convertor-Module-Kit-for-Mac-Linux.jpg)
This creates a new empty C# class. Insert the following code into this file:
Save the changes to the PhoneTranslator.cs file by clickingFile > Save (or by pressing CTRL+S), then close the file.
Wire up the user interface
The next step is to add code to wire up the user interface by insertingbacking code into the
MainActivity
class. Begin by wiring up theTranslate button. In the MainActivity
class, find the OnCreate
method. The next step is to add the button code inside OnCreate
,below the base.OnCreate(savedInstanceState)
andSetContentView(Resource.Layout.activity_main)
calls. First, modify thetemplate code so that the OnCreate
method resembles the following:Get a reference to the controls that were created in the layoutfile via the Android Designer. Add the following code inside the
OnCreate
method, after the call to SetContentView
:Add code that responds to user presses of the Translate button.Add the following code to the
OnCreate
method (after the linesadded in the previous step):Save your work by selecting File > Save All (or bypressing CTRL-SHIFT-S) and build the application by selectingBuild > Rebuild Solution (or by pressing CTRL-SHIFT-B).
If there are errors, go through the previous steps and correct anymistakes until the application builds successfully. If you get abuild error such as, Resource does not exist in the currentcontext, verify that the namespace name in MainActivity.csmatches the project name (
Phoneword
) and then completely rebuildthe solution. If you still get build errors, verify that you haveinstalled the latest Visual Studio updates.Set the app name
You should now have a working application – it's time to set thename of the app. Expand the values folder (inside the Resourcesfolder) and open the file strings.xml. Change the app name stringto
Phone Word
as shown here:Run the app
Test the application by running it on an Android device or emulator.Tap the TRANSLATE button to translate 1-855-XAMARIN into aphone number:
To run the app on an Android device, see how to set up your device for development.
Launch Visual Studio for Mac from the Applications folder or fromSpotlight.
Click New Project... to create a new project.
In the Choose a template for your new project dialog, clickAndroid > App and select the Android App template. ClickNext.
In the Configure your Android app dialog, name the new app
Phoneword
and click Next.In the Configure your new Android App dialog, leave the Solutionand Project names set to
Phoneword
and click Create to createthe project.Create a layout
Tip
Newer releases of Visual Studio support opening .xml files inside the Android Designer.
Both .axml and .xml files are supported in the Android Designer.
After the new project is created, expand the Resources folderand then the layout folder in the Solution pad.Double-click Main.axml to open it in the Android Designer. Thisis the layout file for the screen when it is viewed in the Android Designer:
Select the Hello World, Click Me!Button on the designsurface and press the Delete key to remove it.
From the Toolbox (the area on the right), enter
text
into the search field and drag a Text (Large) widget onto the design surface (the area in the center):With the Text (Large) widget selected on the design surface, youcan use the Properties pad to change the
Text
property of theText (Large) widget to Enter a Phoneword:
as shown below:Next, drag a Plain Text widget from the Toolbox tothe design surface and place it underneath the Text (Large)widget. Notice that you can use the search field to help locatewidgets by name:
With the Plain Text widget selected on the design surface, youcan use the Properties pad to change the
Id
property of thePlain Text widget to @+id/PhoneNumberText
and change theText
property to 1-855-XAMARIN
:Drag a Button from the Toolbox to the design surfaceand place it underneath the Plain Text widget:
With the Button selected on the design surface, you can use theProperties pad to change the
Id
property of the Button to@+id/TranslateButton
and change the Text
property to Translate
:Drag a TextView from the Toolbox to the design surface and place it under the Button widget. With the TextView selected, set the
id
property of the TextView to @+id/TranslatedPhoneWord
and change the text
to an empty string:Save your work by pressing ⌘ + S.
Write some code
Now, add some code to translate phone numbers fromalphanumeric to numeric. Add a new file to the project byclicking the gear icon next to the Phoneword project in theSolution pad and choosing Add > New File...:
In the New File dialog, select General > Empty Class, name the new file PhoneTranslator, and click New. This creates a new empty C# class for us.
Remove all of the template code in the new class and replace it with the following code:
Save the changes to the PhoneTranslator.cs file bychoosing File > Save (or by pressing ⌘ + S), thenclose the file. Ensure that there are no compile-time errors byrebuilding the solution.
Wire up the user interface
The next step is to add code to wire up the user interface byadding the backing code into the
MainActivity
class.Double-click MainActivity.cs in the Solution Pad to open it.Begin by adding an event handler to the Translate button. In the
MainActivity
class, find the OnCreate
method. Add the button codeinside OnCreate
, below the base.OnCreate(bundle)
andSetContentView (Resource.Layout.Main)
calls. Remove any existingbutton handling code (i.e., code that references Resource.Id.myButton
and creates a click handler for it) so that the OnCreate
methodresembles the following:Next, a reference is needed to the controls that were created inthe layout file with the Android Designer. Add the followingcode inside the
OnCreate
method (after the call toSetContentView
):Add code that responds to user presses of the Translate buttonby adding the following code to the
OnCreate
method (after thelines added in the last step):Save your work and build the application by selecting Build > Build All(or by pressing ⌘ + B). If the applicationcompiles, you will get a success message at the top of Visual Studio for Mac:
If there are errors, go through the previous steps andcorrect any mistakes until the application builds successfully. Ifyou get a build error such as, Resource does not exist in thecurrent context, verify that the namespace name inMainActivity.cs matches the project name (
Phoneword
) and thencompletely rebuild the solution. If you still get build errors,verify that you have installed the latest Xamarin.Android andVisual Studio for Mac updates.Set the label and app icon
Now that you have a working application, it's time to add thefinishing touches! Start by editing the
Label
for MainActivity
.The Label
is what Android displays at the top of the screen tolet users know where they are in the application. At the top of theMainActivity
class, change the Label
to Phone Word
as shownhere:Now it's time to set the application icon. By default, Visual Studio for Mac will provide a default icon for the project. Delete these files from the solution, and replace them with a different icon. Expand the Resources folder in the Solution Pad. Notice that there are five folders that are prefixed with mipmap-, and that each of these folders contains a single Icon.png file:
It is necessary to delete each of these icon files from the project. Right click on each of Icon.png files, and select Remove from the context menu:
Android App For Pc
Click on the Delete button in the dialog.
Next, download and unzip Xamarin App Icons set. This zip file holds the icons for the application. Each icon is visually identical but at different resolutions it renders correctly on different devices with different screen densities. The set of files must be copied into the Xamarin.Android project. In Visual Studio for Mac, in the Solution Pad, right-click the mipmap-hdpi folder and select Add > Add Files:
From the selection dialog, navigate to the unzipped Xamarin AdApp Icons directory and open the mipmap-hdpi folder. Select Icon.png and click Open.
In the Add File to Folder dialog box, select Copy the file into the directory and click OK:
Repeat these steps for each of the mipmap- folders until the contents of the mipmap- Xamarin App Icons folders are copied to their counterpart mipmap- folders in the Phoneword project.
After all the icons are copied to the Xamarin.Android project, open the Project Options dialog by right clicking on the project in the Solution Pad. Select Build > Android Application and select
@mipmap/icon
from the Application icon combo box:Run the app
Finally, test the application by running it on an Android device or emulator and translating a Phoneword:
To run the app on an Android device, see how to set up your device for development.
Congratulations on completing your first Xamarin.Android application!Now it's time to dissect the tools and skills you have just learned. Next up is theHello, Android Deep Dive.
Related links
Recently, we had covered some of the best ways to run Windows apps on macOS. The point was to overcome the lack of multi-platform software. This time, however, we have something different. We are going to talk about the ways to run Android apps on Mac. Yes, about using Instagram, playing Asphalt 8, or listening to Audible on Mac.
This time too, we have found multiple ways to run Android apps on macOS. Since different people have their different purposes, we’ve different methods too. In this article, you will find the best methods to run Android apps on Mac for normal users, gaming enthusiasts and developers. Shall we now check out the options?
Run Android Apps on Mac
#1 BlueStacks — Best for Running Apps
BlueStacks (also called BlueStacks App Player) is the oldest and the most popular way of running Android apps for Mac. You will be able to run almost any Android app using this simple emulator. It’s the best choice if you want to run WhatsApp on your Mac or access your Instagram account. You will be able to run your Mac apps and Android apps side by side, which is great.
The BlueStacks interface is equally awesome as well. Apps are opened in individual tabs and you have access to Google Play Store. Depending on the specifications of your Mac, BlueStacks lets you handle multiple apps with ease. Despite the optimizations for running apps, BlueStacks offers a true Android feel as well. You can even make changes from the Settings section.
Installing and using BlueStacks is like a piece of cake! You have to download the free installer from the official site of BlueStacks and run it. If you have previously installed bluestack, do a clean uninstall, before you reinstall it. Once the installation is done, it may take a few seconds for starting up. Before you can install apps, however, you need to sign into a Google account. Altogether, we think it’s really easy to get started with BlueStacks.
As far as running apps is concerned, BlueStacks does the job very well. We were able to install and use apps like WhatsApp and Instagram without any hassle. We also tried playing some Alto’s Odyssey game.
Pros
- BlueStacks is really easy to set up
- It doesn’t involve long installation processes
- Performance is optimized for apps
Cons
- Not much suitable for games or development
Who Is It For
We think BlueStacks is the best option for those who need to use Android apps on Mac. It works fine when it comes to running apps like WhatsApp and Instagram. While the gaming performance is okay, we believe there are better options.
Check Out BlueStacks
#2 VirtualBox — Best for More Control
At the core, Android is also a Linux-based operating system. As it happens, you can install Android on Mac using a tool like VirtualBox. In order to do this, you have to create a virtual machine and install Android in it. Compared to the other options we’ve listed, this VirtualBox method offers better control over the Android device and the apps you install.
Once the installation is done, VirtualBox gives you a pure Android experience. This is because we’re installing the basic Android Operating System on the virtual machine. However, you should not expect an optimized environment for running apps or games. Chances are, there are some bugs too. On the bright side, you can deploy Android v8 Oreo in the virtual machine.
We would not say that Android on VirtualBox is easy to set up. There are some downsides that you will have to tolerate in the long run. In order to do this, you need to download Android x86, a project that ports the popular OS to PCs. Then, as we always do, you can create a virtual machine based on Linux, Android. Once the installation is done, you’ll have a full-screen Android experience.
While apps like WhatsApp and Instagram work fine, the performance isn’t the best. We would not suggest this method if you’re into gaming either.
Pros
- Offers more control over the virtual Android device
- You can run the latest version of Android
- It offers a fully-fledged Android OS experience
Cons
- Installation is somewhat complex
- Lacks performance optimization or customization options
- Chances of bugs
Who Is It For
Running Android on Mac using VirtualBox is best when you need better control over the process. As a virtual machine, you can customize performance too. However, in the long run, you will have to compromise overall performance and gaming controls.
Check Out VirtualBox and Android x86
#3 Nox Player Mac — Best Optimized for Gaming
If you want to play some graphic-rich Android games on Mac, Nox Player Mac is the best option in town. It’s an Android emulator that prioritizes speed and performance. There are also some features such as screen capture, on-screen button mapping etc. Once set up, Nox Player Mac offers a standard Android experience as well.
Nox Player Mac manages to run apps as well. However, we found that things aren’t as smooth as BlueStacks when it comes to app downloads and installs. But, the reason you should install Nox Player Mac should be to play high-quality games like PUBG on Mac.
To install Android apps on your Nox Player, you can either login with your Google account and use the built-in Google Play Store or if you don’t want to go through that hassle, you can download the apk using the browser and install it directly.
Nox Player Mac is the easiest to install. It doesn’t even ask you any questions. Just run the installer and in a few seconds, you will find the fully-fledged Android virtual tablet. It runs Android v4 KitKat — which is a downside when compared to others.
Nox Player Mac is perfect when it comes to handling popular apps. So, if you want to bring some common apps and high-end Android games to Mac, choose this program.
Pros
- Easy to set up and get started
- Optimized performance for games and apps
- Advanced features like keyboard mapping and location manipulation
Cons
- Not suitable for development
- Runs on Android KitKat
- Ships with some bloatware
Who Is It For
Nox Player Mac is the best option if you’re into high-end Android games. Even if you have a mid-end MacBook Air, it should offer the best performance. Also, thanks to the macro and mapping features. We’d also recommend the tool for running WhatsApp and all.
#4 Genymotion — Most Suitable for Developers
Genymotion is an innovative way to run Android apps on Mac — and on Cloud, for that matter. However, it is offering a bunch of different options. If you’re a professional, you can create a virtual Android device on a Mac or in the cloud. Let’s come down to the Desktop version, which is great. You will be able to create a big variety of Android configurations for testing.
Demo Android App On Mac Download
For instance, you can change the Android version, device hardware etc. Genymotion is the best option to make sure that your app runs perfectly on all Android devices out there. However, if you are getting started as a developer, you can find standard solutions as well. Genymotion also offers some additional features, for instance, embed your Android app on the website and let people try the app.
There is no necessity that you should install Genymotion on your Mac. As we said earlier, it can be used as a cloud service as well. However, Genymotion Desktop is really easy to install. We used the Personal version of Genymotion as well. It’s more convenient if you just want to try some apps. On the other hand, if you like the fully-fledged Android development experience, Genymotion Desktop is the way to go.
Running apps on Genymotion isn’t as smooth as the other platform. This is because the emulator has a major focus on features that help developers.
Pros
- Awesome features for developers
- Multiple Android configurations
- Better Control over Running Apps
Cons
- Performance Optimization could be better
Who Is It For
Genymotion is the best solution for Android developers who want to run their Android apps on a number of virtual devices. It syncs so well with your coding process and customization needs. Thanks to the plug-in, you can integrate this program with Android Studio as well.
Check Out Genymotion (free trial, $136/year)
#5 Andy — a Smoother Workflow
Last but not the least, Andy is another way to run Android apps on Mac. However, compared to all emulators we’ve listed above, Andy offers a smoother workflow. The best part is that you’re getting a 100% full Android experience when you start up. You get built-in apps like Gmail, ES File Explorer and a lot more. It’s running on Android v4.0 KitKat, though.
Because Andy comes with Play Store access, you can easily download and install apps. There are some other important features as well. For instance, you can run the Android emulator in vertical and landscape modes as well. Also, there’s Key Mapping and Location manipulation. These features are awesome when you want a more optimized way to run Android apps.
Andy has one of the easiest installers we’ve seen. It’s an online installer, which would download files over an Internet connection. It needs to be noted that Andy downloads around 500MB of files, the largest on the list. Once the installation is done, Andy will show you the standard Android interface. You can use the mouse and keyboard for managing the virtual Android tablet.
As we said, Andy is the best when it comes to running apps. However, it would not be our go-to choice when it comes to playing Android games.
Pros
- Easy to Install and Manage
- Best optimization for apps
- Offers a standard Android experience
Cons
- Runs on KitKat
- It’s lagging a bit when other apps are running
Who Is It For
Andy offers the perfect level of optimization and a standard Android experience. We’d recommend this tool if you need a real-like virtual Android device on your Mac. Of course, there are some performance lags but you can avoid it by avoiding multitasking.
Check Out Andy (Free)
The best way to Run Android Apps on Mac?
So, these are the five different ways to run Android apps on Mac. In a way, you’re creating an Android device within macOS environment as well. As we said earlier, not a single solution is suitable for everyone. We have recommended Nox Player for Mac if you want to play games. On the other hand, if you just want to use apps smoothly, BlueStacks and Andy are the best options. And, for those upcoming developers out there, we will recommend Genymotion, which has a ton of features packed inside.